![]() ![]() The optimal route for vaccine delivery is not yet known. RNA vaccines can be delivered using a number of methods: via needle-syringe injections or needle-free into the skin via injection into the blood, muscle, lymph node or directly into organs or via a nasal spray. How are RNA vaccines produced and administered?Ī major advantage of RNA vaccines is that RNA can be produced in the laboratory from a DNA template using readily available materials, less expensively and faster than conventional vaccine production, which can require the use of chicken eggs or other mammalian cells. This antigen is then displayed on the cell surface, where it is recognised by the immune system. Once the mRNA strand in the vaccine is inside the body’s cells, the cells use the genetic information to produce the antigen. An RNA vaccine consists of an mRNA strand that codes for a disease-specific antigen. RNA vaccines use a different approach that takes advantage of the process that cells use to make proteins: cells use DNA as the template to make messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, which are then translated to build proteins. They stimulate the body’s immune response, so it is primed to respond more rapidly and effectively if exposed to the infectious agent in the future. What are RNA vaccines and how do they work?Ĭonventional vaccines usually contain inactivated disease-causing organisms or proteins made by the pathogen (antigens), which work by mimicking the infectious agent.
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